Connexion EN 1 2025 N11 – Connexion Exolum

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IN THIS ISSUE

PUBLISHED BY

Exolum

MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION

Mavi de Lamor
José Antonio Galán

CONSULTANCY, EDITING AND DESIGN

ATREVIA Publicaciones

In this issue

Javier Alonso
Claudia Bello
Rosa García
Jorge Lanza
Jesús Manso
Felipe Pizarro
Patricia Prieto
José Ramón Rodríguez
Ena Geovanna Roldán
Tamzin Townsend

Editorial

Challenges and opportunities in HSSE & Technology

‘Collaboration between global business divisions and functional areas is crucial in our organization in order to ensure organized and structured growth’

ollaboration between global business divisions and functional areas is crucial in our organization, which is constantly growing and expanding internationally, in order to ensure organized and structured growth all while taking advantage of the synergies and lessons learnt as leverage for effectively implementing our Strategic Plan.

It is along these lines that we have begun the year with work to commission the new fuel plant at the Lima airport in close cooperation with the O&M teams in order to get the new terminal up and running by the planned deadline. We’re also assisting with the organization of the Charles de Gaulle airport project and will continue supporting the Aviation team on future developments.

We’ll be facing major challenges in 2025 in the area of HSSE & Technology. As concerns safety, we’re going to be focusing on reducing process accidents and avoiding potential SIF accidents. The relaunch of our Safety Foundations will be fundamental in ensuring all improvement measures are applied. We’ll have an updated version of tools, such as field verification critical controls (FVCC), and conduct campaigns to assess risks before doing things.

We’ll also keep carrying out our annual TSR (Terminal Safety Review) inspection plan with ten new plants in 2025, in addition to implementing improvements in tanks to reduce the risk of overfilling.

As far as our decarbonization plan (Net Zero Plan), we’ll focus our efforts on reducing emissions generated by the boilers (particularly in NWE) and ships we use in Spain, and roll out a strategy to decrease our scope 3 emissions. In 2024, we achieved cumulative reduction of 36% and the target is to reach 53% by 2030, in line with our goal of becoming Net Zero by 2040.

With respect to asset management, we’ll maintain the objective of complying with our tank and pipe inspection plans. What’s more, we’ll be setting up a new computer application to enhance the management of the tank inspection process.

In systems, the star project will be the migration of the main Exolum Data Center to the cloud at our headquarters in Madrid. We’ll be moving from an on-premise model, where assets are physically stored at our headquarters, to an SaaS (Software as a Service) consumption model with three types of cloud for different applications. The project will last two years.

In addition, we’ll be carrying out projects to enhance cybersecurity and implement a corporate platform for data management, which is one of the major levers for becoming a data-driven company.

In the area of Digitalization, we can highlight initiatives such as taking advantage of generative AI through co-pilots and assistants to enhance and optimize business processes, as well as the use of IoT technology to improve operational efficiency and safety at our facilities.

Another relevant project will be implementing Global Governance for major projects (worth more than 10 million euros) to standardize the management of sales opportunities from the beginning until they finally become investment projects. The aim is to apply a standard project lifecycle management model throughout the group by speaking the same language and benefitting from the lessons that have come with previous projects.

There’s no doubt a lot on our plate for 2025, but new challenges will also arise which we’ll have to overcome in order to accomplish our goals for growth. We hope to keep on getting better every single day in order to provide the service expected of us.

Javier Alonso

Global HSSE & Technology Lead

About us

WE MOVE ON

Rosa García and Jorge Lanza: Thanks for your exemplary leadership!

The Chairwoman and CEO of Exolum have played a fundamental role in our company’s internationalization and diversification. Now that it’s time to pass on the baton, both of them are reflecting upon their years at Exolum. And all of us would like to simply thank them for their leadership and dedication.

Their ability to inspire and motivate the entire team has been essential to achieving our strategic goals and their legacy will live on among us. Rosa García, Chairwoman since 2021, and Jorge Lanza, CEO since 2016, have led Exolum to be able to face the challenges of the future and stay on the path towards sustainability.

The two of them are now reflecting upon their journeys and contributions to our company over the years. Jorge told us he tried to ‘modernize and evolve CLH, a very solid and traditional company, to Exolum, a more international, streamlined and diversified company with a more inclusive and less hierarchical culture. I’ve tried to encourage teamwork with everyone rowing in the same direction’.

Rosa explained that one of her main goals has been to strengthen corporate governance with an invigorated Board of Directors. ‘I chose to create a professional, international and highly constructive body capable of guiding executives through strategic decisions and the company’s transformation thanks to diversity and its members’ experience,’ she stated. Plus, she put special emphasis on reinforcing internal auditing and Compliance ‘to make sure Exolum operates in accordance with the highest standards of transparency, ethics and oversight’.

Times to remember

Throughout this time, they’ve gone through many crucial moments. Some of them are particularly etched in their memories. Jorge mentioned the first Forum in El Tiemblo: ‘That’s where we gave the starting signal for our cultural change and the sense of pride in helping to improve this great company. I also remember the first few weeks of the pandemic. All of our employees put everything into their work and the special mission we have in contributing to society became more obvious than ever.’

Both of them highlighted Exolum’s upcoming entry at the Charles de Gaulle airport in Paris with a contract to operate there for the next 20 years. ‘This concession seemed like the culmination of immense shared effort by many people over many years,’ said Jorge. And for Rosa, besides pride, ‘it was a huge achievement in the competitive French market’. She also talked about ‘the construction of the airport in Peru, a real challenge due to the complexity’.

Our Chairwoman also remembers visiting different terminals and airports, as well as the collective effort that has gone into renewing concessions. ‘All of it reflects the shared effort and vision
that have allowed Exolum to get where it is today’.

The future of Exolum

The two have put a lot of effort into boosting Exolum’s transformation towards a cleaner energy model. But what do they think about the future? They both say the ones who are going to drive the energy transition in the world are today’s players, including Exolum of course. Rosa noted that ‘Exolum has the potential to keep on being an essential role-player in the energy sector’. And Jorge pointed out that ‘we have the human capability, the will, the knowledge and the financial power to do so. I see a bright future built, as always at this company, with work and perseverance’.

The time for challenges

With respect to the main challenges, Rosa believes ‘Exolum is well positioned to take advantage of the new challenges, but it will require great flexibility, ongoing investment in talent and technology, as well as a clear strategy that’s aligned with the global changes in the energy sector’.

Jorge thinks it’s key ‘to manage a good balance between growing traditional business and investing in novel business at the right time, never resting on our laurels, and continuing to invest in incorporating the best technologies’. He also underlined the importance of ‘achieving a good balance between being a flexible company towards changes and lean as concerns the bureaucracy inherent to and partially necessary as a large enterprise’.

Lessons from Exolum

Rosa and Jorge have extensive careers in management yet ‘you can learn things in any position’, said the CEO. In his case, he highlighted ‘the organizational challenge involved with forming a coherent multinational company as it is built on very different origins, ways of doing things and cultures’. Adding to that, it’s been a real experience ‘performing the role of CEO without a clear boss, managing a balance between the Board of Directors and relations with our shareholding investment funds’.

As for Rosa, her time at Exolum has allowed her to learn about the importance of balancing leadership with respect for the duties assigned to each role within the organization. ‘After more than 30 years in executive positions, I knew my role as Chairwoman could not be managing the day-to-day, but rather offering a strategic vision and support without interfering in the management team’s responsibilities’.

She also added, ‘effective leadership on a Board of Directors is not based on managing, but rather facilitating, building consensus and creating the right environment so the company can move forward soundly and clearly’.

Personal impressions

From her own personal perspective, Rosa values ‘the privilege of having built wonderful personal relationships and the opportunity to have gained deep knowledge of a sector she by no means dominated in the beginning’. Jorge said, ‘I’ve made friendships that go beyond the job and will forever be proud of having been a part of this era of transformation at the company’.

‘Thank you to everyone for all the support I’ve received over the years. I wish you all the best from the bottom of my heart. I’ll continue to closely follow all the Exolum success you’re already achieving.
Big hugs for everyone!’

Jorge Lanza

‘I’d like to express my heartfelt thanks. It’s been a privilege to be a part of this company and share all of these years with such a committed, professional and respectful team. I’m extremely proud of what we’ve built together. It’s been a pleasure to walk this road with all of you!’

Rosa García

Personal plans

When they finally pass on the baton, what personal plans do they have? Rosa, who began taking on executive responsibilities at just 26 years old, admits, ‘now, over 60, I want to better balance my time. My intention is to stay on the boards I’m currently on as I enjoy offering my experience and knowledge’. But she also wants to dedicate more time to herself: ‘Rest, look after myself, travel and, above all, enjoy more time with my family living in the United States. I want to share my time with them’.

For Jorge, his first aims is to ‘have more time for my family and friends, as well as my hobbies: sport, traveling, cooking, reading… As for the professional side, I intend to collaborate in a non-executive capacity, give back to society double what it’s given me all these years, and be able to share experiences that are useful’.

Who we are

The first worldwide green hydrogen transport and storage test with LOHC

Our first test in Immingham (the United Kingdom) using liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) was a success. This project will help decarbonize the economy and diversify the alternative sources of energy.

Exolum has successfully completed the first worldwide test to transport and store green hydrogen on a commercial scale using existing infrastructures and liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC).

This innovative test, which was carried out in Immingham, the largest goods transport port in the United Kingdom, proved the feasibility of safely and efficiently using LOHC for green hydrogen logistics.

These liquids are organic compounds that can absorb and release hydrogen through chemical reactions, meaning they can be used as a means for its transport and storage. We’ve now opened the door to using our pipelines and tanks to manage green hydrogen in a feasible way.

Pioneers in green hydrogen
The test has made it possible to transport 400 m³ of LOHC with 20 tonnes of hydrogen through a 1.5 kilometre pipeline connecting our Immingham East and Immingham West facilities. This hydrogen is the equivalent of what is consumed by a hydrogen car after driving 2 million kilometres.

As explained by Nacho Casajús, Global Strategy & Growth Lead, ‘This pioneer project contemplates a realistic, safe and low-cost formula for distributing green hydrogen based on the existing demand. This means we don’t have to develop any new infrastructures as we’re using our logistics network, one of the most efficient in the world’.

A more sustainable future

This test is part of the project we’ve implemented to establish a new green hydrogen storage and transport model taking advantage of our own infrastructures. We estimate our facilities in the United Kingdom will be able to distribute 4.6 TWh of hydrogen a year, which is 30% of the demand expected for 2030.

As part of this initiative, we’ve also successfully transported hydrogen and LOHC by sea for the first time, proving that shipping routes are a feasible and safe alternative for long-distance transport.

New hires for our team in Paris

We’ve added professional talent to the Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport, where we’ll be in charge of operating and maintaining the fuel distribution terminal and the hydrant network starting in April. Welcome everyone!

Our new team at the Paris airport is ready to take off. Benoît Lamothe recently joined us as Terminal Manager. Benoît is an aeronautical engineer who specializes in energy fluids, and has extensive experience with large projects in the aviation and industrial sectors. He’s familiar with Spain as his wife is from Granada.

Guilaine Gobardham, the new HR Manager, specializes in social law and human resources management and boasts eight years of experience as a consultant as well as a global vision of the challenges in this area. Guilaine has accompanied companies advising on management, auditing, and the implementation of human resources strategies.

Another ten people will be conducting operations at the terminal once the onboarding and training period has ended, and another fifteen, including operators and middle management, have been hired from the former operator responsible for the airport.

The Head of the Málaga facility, Eugenio Sánchez, is guiding this entire integration and transition process, and will remain in Paris for another year to consolidate it. Thank you all for your implication!

Our ‘Top Employer’ certification has been renewed

We’re proud to be recognized as one of the best companies to work for! Our ‘Top Employer’ certification for 2025 has been successfully renewed. This recognition highlights our efforts to foster stable, quality jobs, professional development and a work-life balance.

The evaluation process analyzed 22 areas, including diversity, equity and inclusion, as well as wellness programmes, among others. We’re one of the 2,400 companies in the world and 139 companies in Spain that stand out due to excellence in their people management practices. Congratulations to the entire team involved with becoming certified!

Moving forward together towards a new era

In the first two Exolum Talks this year, our CEO, Jorge Lanza, who is concluding his time at Exolum, looked back at the major progress made in strategic areas at our company, which is growing with new international projects.

The two sessions were held for Aviation & Spain Network, and for the first time for NWE, which will from now on be periodically organizing them with the participation of Steve Land, NWE Lead. Jorge Lanza spoke of his decision to leave Exolum after nine years as the CEO in order to dedicate more time to his personal life. He thanked everyone for their dedication and efforts.

As concerns safety, one of our main values, he indicated that ‘we’re ended the year safer than we began’ and referred to the progress made in diversity, equity and inclusion with initiatives such as the Sherpa leadership programme to train better team leaders, and the upcoming implementation of a self-identification campaign to measure and enhance internal diversity.

Growth and opportunities

Jorge underlined the growth seen at Exolum throughout 2024, and mentioned the future start of operations at the airports in Paris and Lima. The recent strategic agreement with Moeve will allow us to build and manage two new logistics infrastructures in Huelva and Tenerife. And we’re also moving forward with the hydrogen production plant we’re building in the United Kingdom.

There continue to be challenges, and we’ll be exploring new business opportunities in the United States, the Middle East, and in the marine bunkering sector at the locations where we’re present, such as Algeciras and Huelva.

Thank you everyone for your commitment!

PARTICIPATING

Fostering STEM degree programmes at the AEMENER

We sponsored and participated in the 4th edition of the AEMENER Fair for STEM Degrees, which was held at the Higher Technical School of Mine and Energy Engineering in Madrid. Over the course of three days, we were present with a stand at which volunteer colleagues from Exolum offered information on our company to secondary and university prep students. This action proves our support for STEM degree programmes associated with science, technology, engineering and mathematics, especially among women, as a means of contributing to a more inclusive and diverse future. Additionally, our CEO, Jorge Lanza, emphasized in a talk that understanding science and technology is worthwhile ‘in order to be able to understand our environment’.

Participation in the IESE Energy Transition Forum

Our CEO, Jorge Lanza, attended the forum organized by IESE Energy ‘An inflection in the necessary energy transition? Taking on the uncomfortable truths’, a highly relevant encounter at this time when we’re seeing major changes on the international stage. Jorge participated in the roundtable on ‘The energy transition, industrial policy and competitiveness’, during which he approached essential topics for Europe’s energy future such as the current geopolitical situation which has led the continent to focusing on guaranteeing the energy supply, reducing dependence on a single supplier, and developing new supply chains.

Attendance at the 2nd National Green Hydrogen Congress

We attended this congress in Huelva, during which Nacho Casajús, Global Strategy & Growth Lead at Exolum, participated on the panel ‘Challenges and opportunities in the construction of large-scale green hydrogen and derivatives projects’.

Nacho explained that our aim is to become a leading company in hydrogen and derivatives logistics infrastructure, encompassing the entire value chain from design and financing to construction and operations.

Our expert

H2Road, our new line of business for integrated hydrogen logistics

Patricia Prieto, H₂ Project Developer in the Clean Energies department

Avanzamos en nuestra apuesta estratégica por la diversificación y la innovación con el lanzamiento de una innovadora línea de negocio que proporciona soluciones de logística integral del hidrógeno a lo largo de toda su cadena de valor.

H2Road was born to offer complete and efficient logistics infrastructure for hydrogen from production centres to supplying end consumers. This includes compression, storage, transport and supply for industrial and mobility applications. Moreover, we’re handling the investment, installation, operation and maintenance of key infrastructures at strategic points, such as production centres, industrial areas, and import/export ports.

Based on each customer’s needs, we can get involved in different phases of the hydrogen logistics value chain or in all of them. ‘With H2Road, we’ll be responsible for the investment, installation, commissioning, and operation and maintenance of these infrastructures, and we’ll be guaranteeing quality and quantity control throughout the process,’ explains Patricia Prieto, the H₂ Project Developer in Exolum’s Clean Energies department.

The value of our experience

H2Road reaffirms our experience in the safe and efficient management of logistics networks as well as our ability to offer comprehensive ‘end-to-end’ solutions. For Patricia, ‘This focus will allow us to guarantee a continuous and secure supply of hydrogen, adapted to each customer’s specific needs, thereby consolidating our position as a key player in the transition towards a low-carbon economy.’

To optimize hydrogen projects, we’ve developed a pioneer IT tool that simulates and optimizes the logistics of any project, either independently or integrated with the rest of our customers.

We also have the support of suppliers and service providers with immense experience and great reputations in the hydrogen market. ‘This will help us reduce costs and delivery times so logistics will no longer be a restricting factor for hydrogen projects,’ adds our colleague.

‘This project will allow us to guarantee a continuous and secure supply of hydrogen, adapted to each customer’s specific needs’

We’ve set up our first public portable hydrogen charging station for fuel cell vehicles

One of the logistics solutions included in the H2Road line of business is hydrogen transport and supply for mobility through two public portable hydrogen charging stations to refuel fuel cell vehicles. Based on technology provided by the Aragonese company Calvera Hydrogen, they provide hydrogen at 350 and 700 bar pressure to adapt to each customer’s needs.

Their design in a container format facilitates transport. Customers can thus enjoy hydrogen refuelling services wherever required with complete safety guarantees.

We not only handle the transport, but also offer compression, storage and management solutions for all the infrastructure needed to ensure the H2 supply. The project was awarded a grant under the Spanish Ministry of Transports and Sustainable Mobility ‘Programme supporting sustainable and digital transport’.

What excites us

EXOLUM-LIVE

We’re cooperating with Adif to create a railway logistics network to transport bulk liquids

We signed an agreement with Adif to transport products such as CO2 captured from major industries, e-Ammonia, e-Methanol, biofuels, and other raw materials for storage and reuse. This is one way we’re contributing to the energy transition!

We continue moving forward in innovation and sustainability. We’ve signed a collaboration agreement with Adif, the railway infrastructure administration company, to study the creation of a railway logistics network that will facilitate the transport of bulk liquids with a connection between our facilities and the Adif network.

This network will offer the benefit of taking advantage of existing infrastructures, which will facilitate quick implementation and minimize the environmental impacts, as our company has got railway holding bays  at 17 of our Spanish terminals in addition to prior experience transporting bulk liquids by rail.

The aim of this agreement is to offer the market an immediate and versatile solution for transporting the energy products of the future all while reducing emissions and fostering the decarbonization of the energy and transport sectors.

Some of the actions considered include promoting a strategic study of the capability of the Adif railway infrastructure to carry out such transport from our nearby terminals to the production centres of these new fuels, and then to our storage terminals at major ports, particularly those along the Atlantic Corridor.

For Nacho Casajús, Global Strategy & Growth Lead, ‘This alliance will allow us to optimize the logistics of these new products with a sustainable and efficient transport network, which will provide an immediate response to the market needs and allow the reuse of the existing infrastructures.’

Pedro Marco de la Peña, Chairman of Adif (to the left), and Nacho Casajús, Global Strategy & Growth Lead at Exolum, signing the agreement in the presence of their teams.

MEETING...

‘I encourage women to fight for their dreams because they can make them come true’

Ena Geovanna Roldán is the first female fuel supplier-operator in Latin America as it’s a job that’s traditionally been performed by men. Responsible, effective and positive, our colleague is proud of this achievement and thankful for the opportunity.

Someone has to be the first to break down barriers and Ecuadorian Ena Geovanna is one of those women who’s ready to take on challenges. She acknowledges that ‘it’s not always easy to be a woman in the world of work’ in Latin America, but she has a specialist technical job she’s proud of. In this interview, she also thanks Exolum for its commitment to equality and inclusion, which has made it possible for her to open doors for other women to take up technical positions.

Ena Geovanna Roldán

Grade 1 Skilled Aircraft Fuel Supplier

Ena with her Aviation colleagues during a visit to headquarters in Madrid.

How long have you been at Exolum?

I’ve been a part of this great family for nine months.

Your work is highly specialized. What is it all about? Why is your work so important?

As an aircraft fuel supplier-operator, my job involves receiving, storing and supplying fuel to airplanes. Plus, I do different quality tests that are needed to guarantee the fuel complies with all regulations. My work is fundamental in ensuring every flight takes off efficiently and safely.

You’re the first female fuel supplier-operator at Exolum in Latin America. What does that mean to you?

I thank God for giving me health, life and wisdom, and I thank Exolum for trusting in me. Being the first female fuel supplier in Latin America is an achievement that fills me with pride and gratitude. For me, it’s a major step personally and professionally, which I’ve taken through effort, dedication and passion for what I do.

Do you see it as an extra responsibility?

What would you say to women who have doubts about doing certain jobs?

I feel it as personal satisfaction since I enjoy what I do. Thanks to the support I get from my colleagues, I do my work responsibly, always focused on contributing to the company’s success and goals.

I’d tell them that, even though it’s not always easy in Latin America to be a woman in the world of work, we can do anything we put our minds to. I’m thankful to Exolum for its commitment to equality and inclusion in Ecuador, and I encourage women to fight for their dreams because they are possible and can come true!

What does working at Exolum mean to you personally? What’s the best thing about working in this team?

Working at Exolum is a valuable opportunity to grow both personally and professionally. I feel very fortunate to be a part of a company with an excellent work atmosphere where people’s safety and teamwork are essential to reaching our objectives.

We’d like to get to know you a bit better. How would you define your personality?

I believe I’m a responsible, humble, friendly, sincere and trustworthy person. I’m efficient and upstanding, and I’m able to resolve any issue that arises, always maintaining a positive attitude towards adversity.

What hobbies do you have outside work?

I like doing sports, especially football, and I also enjoy getting out in nature and participating in outdoor activities.

What would your perfect weekend look like?

I’d spend it traveling and discovering new places, doing extreme activities, and exploring every little corner of our beautiful Ecuador and the world. To enjoy those times even more, I like sharing them with my loved ones.

IN FOUR LINES

One favourite place:
The beach.

One food:
Fritada (a typical dish from Ecuador with pork).

One song:
For the rest of my life, by Andrés Cepeda.

One film:
Fireproof, with Kirk Cameron.

TransformACTION

GROW

Global People policies: Guiding our future

Global People policies will unify our human resources practices to foster a more solid work environment and promote equal opportunities, transparency and the employee experience.

For several months now, we’ve been working on the launch of new global People policies, a project that will unify our human resources practices in the countries where we operate and allow us to have a more solid and cohesive organizational culture.

These policies will cover key areas such as attracting and managing talent, training, total rewards and the employee experience.

‘Not only will they ensure compliance with labour laws and regulations in the different countries, but they’ll also promote a unified organizational culture and strengthen our corporate identity to continue building One Exolum,’ explains Claudia Bello, COE People Talent Management.

Benefits
In a multinational company like ours, this initiative will facilitate mobility as it will provide a clear and coherent framework for talent management, all while reinforcing transparency in selection, evaluation and promotion processes.

It will also help create a more satisfying, inclusive and equative work environment: ‘There will be specific policies regarding equal opportunities, well-being, work-life balance, and digital disconnection,’ says Claudia.

These policies will be gradually implemented and will be available on the Contigo site. For now, we’ve already approved the Equality Job Opportunities Policy, the Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DE&I) Policy and the Internal Communication Policy.

If you’d like to find out more, you can see the webinar again that we organized with Cristina Jaraba, Global People Lead; Ángel Montiel, Aviation & Spain Network People Lead; and Claudia Bello, to present this project.

To see the webinar, click here

NETWORKING

Don’t fall into the trap! Protect yourself from virtual scams

Cybercriminals never rest and improve their tactics day after day, putting your personal and professional information at risk. Don’t get distracted. Stop all those scams hiding behind a click.

It’s believed more than 400 online fraud situations occur throughout the world every minute. Although it’s a concerning figure, don’t be alarmed as there are many, and very efficient, ways to protect yourself. You just need to understand the enemy and how to deal with it.

How do they occur?

There are mainly four types of online scams:

E-commerce: through fake websites that imitate legitimate online shops, attracting victims with irresistible offers. Once the purchase is made, the products never arrive.

Technical support: cybercriminals pose as support technicians from well-known companies (Microsoft, Apple…) who, alleging problems with devices, request remote access or the payment of a fee to resolve them.

Fake job offers: scammers contact victims with attractive job offers and request personal information or an initial payment to process the application. Although they usually seem legitimate, they’re designed to steal personal information or money.

‘Phishing’: this social engineering technique is used to get passwords, credit card numbers and personal data. Attackers pose as banks (o even colleagues from work!) to deceive victims and get them to reveal their information via emails.

What can you do?

Having identified the most common fraud situations, here are a few of the most effective ways to protect yourself:

Use passwords that include a combination of upper case and lower case letters, numbers and symbols. Additionally, activate two-step verification on all of your important accounts.

Do not share your email address, location or personal documents through social media or unsecured websites.
Avoid accessing your personal accounts or engaging in financial transactions using public devices or unsecure Wi-Fi networks, like at airports.
Use security software, as it allows you to detect and block threats before they cause damage.
Monitor your bank accounts and all monthly transactions.
Do not give out passwords, PIN numbers or account numbers through phone calls, text messages or unverified email addresses.

Retail: how can you identify possible scams in online shops?

1 – Pay attention to the suspicious signs:

Spelling errors or poor quality photos.
Websites without ‘https’ or a lock on the URL.
Comments by other users about scams.

2- Don’t trust anything when…

… The prices for the items seem too low.

… The website only allows you to pay through your account number.

… There is no ‘legal information’ section.

3- How can I check the legitimacy of a website?

Fakeinet.com is a database with information on fake shops and all other types of fakes.

4- If the link is suspicious…

… Warn other users and share the information with the IT team.
Use the ‘report phish’ button if you’ve received it through Outlook.

TRENDS

‘Theatre is a great school for companies’

TAMZIN TOWNSEND, THEATRE DIRECTOR AND PARTNER AT BELIQUID

Her name is associated with theatrical successes of the likes of ‘The Grönholm Method’ and ‘Wild God’. ‘Queen Midas of Spanish theatre’, as some have nicknamed her, shines bright on stage, but also stands her own in companies and in the classroom: techniques used in dramatic arts can help lead and communicate better.

From the age of 10, she knew what she wanted: to dedicate her life to theatre. And that’s exactly what this British woman born in Liverpool and educated in theatre directing at the University of Cambridge did. She’s lived longer in Spain than in the United Kingdom. Having set up more than 50 plays, including a number of classics, she’s forged a solid career as a theatre director and playwright here in this country. Curious, restless and creative, Tamzin Townsend is also passionate about teaching –she teaches communication at IE University– and uses theatrical techniques to help companies and their management. Tamzin is familiar with our company as she hosted one of our forums some years back: ‘It was a wonderful experience. Theatre is a school for life and a great ally for companies.’

On stage, you’ve worked with famous actors and actresses, some with a lot of character. How can such creative talents be directed?

By loving them. A charismatic actor is a gift for any theatre project. I try to get to know my actors as much as possible. What I can’t do as a director is work against anyone or set up barriers with them on one side and me on the other. That doesn’t work in theatre or in companies. I make an effort to make us one, for us all to have a shared code.

What characteristic would you say gets the best out of any professional’s talent?

Patience. If I’m going to say something when I’m tense and it won’t do any good, it’s best to be quiet and count to 20. You can’t lose your self-control. If you do even once, you’ll pay for a long time to come because people nowadays do not forgive those kinds of attitudes.

You’ve focused on BeLiquid in the last few years. You’re a partner and the Programme Director at this consulting firm. What do you do?

It’s a very lovely project driven by the actor Antonio Resines and the actor and director Coté Soler. We boost teams’ professional development through their personal skills and to do so, we use the most influential studies in talent management in combination with the dramatic arts.

So, you take theatre to companies. How so?

They’re master shows on business topics. For example, we’re doing a play on change management. The next one will be about leadership. They’re plays based on our experience on corporate issues. I’ve spent hundreds of hours listening to employees and executives around the world, both at the British firm Dramatic Resources and now at BeLiquid, to understand how teams work. The more you understand, the more you can help.

We go out to companies and put on plays… in English too. Telling a story always works.

Do you work with the companies after performing the play?

Yes. We engage in very fun dynamics during each play. The actors interact with the audience (the employees), then they have training, and finally implement what is learnt in the development phase. It’s shoulder-to-shoulder work with companies to meet each one’s specific needs.

You’re an expert in communication. How can theatre help us communicate better?

Imagine a manager talking to their employees or stakeholders with a presentation featuring more than 30 slides in PowerPoint. Everyone will fall asleep. You have to give them the data of course. But, if you’re someone who’s relevant at the company, you’re there because you’re also important and your vision for the company is too. If you’re not going to put all your energy and charisma into it and make no efforts to connect with your audience, then just send out a report. But if you’re going to do it face-to-face, you have to work on the presentation and not hide behind a bunch of slides. I always say there’s no ‘Hamlet’ without Hamlet.

Can theatrical techniques really help management?

Yes, in my experience, they help 99.5% of all people. But you don’t have to use everything you learn. You don’t use all the machines at the gym, just the ones that suit you best. The same is true for these resources: use the ones that help you.

In a world that often surrenders to triteness and briefness, what can theatre offer us?

Well-being. It’s an incredible way to connect with people’s essence.

‘THE SPANISH WIVES’

Tamzin Townsend has got very attractive projects in the works for this year. She has earned a doctoral degree in Theatre Translation, and as a result of her studies, she’s published a translation and version of The Spanish Wives, a play written in 1696 by British playwright Mary Pix. This play explores marriage, jealousy and relationships of power between men and women. ‘It’s a fabulous and fun script featuring a view of our culture from a 17th century English woman’s perspective. I’d like to put the play on stage.’

A STORY OF LOVE AND OPPORTUNITY

How did a young English woman settle in Spain after graduating in theatre directing? ‘As occurs with many things in life: love,’ she says smiling. ‘After graduating from university, I worked at a summer camp teaching theatre and I met an English guy. We talked about how it would be awesome to go to Spain. He wanted to go to Madrid and I wanted to go to Barcelona, because of the sea. We tossed a coin and Barcelona won.’ The relationship didn’t go anywhere, but they’re still friends. Yet Tamzin found a great opportunity in that vibrant Barcelona of the Olympic Games. In 1995, at the age of just 25, she directed Bones Festes, by Alan Ayckbourn. Critically acclaimed, it was the first of many successes for her. ‘I was young and savvy. I got the opportunity and took advantage of it.’

Safety and health

Safety

We’re all the safety department

Workplace safety is not achieved by just one person or even an entire department. If we want to see relevant, solid change that remains over time, we need each and every one of our employees to take on this great challenge.

JESÚS MANSÓ,
GLOBAL HSSEQ LEAD

Safety is our most important value and, together, we can go further. ‘Goals as ambitious as those associated with workplace and industrial safety must be approached with a global project that involves a change in mentality and covers every single sphere from senior management to the lowest-ranking employee,’ says Jesús Manso, Global HSSEQ Lead.

Consulting firms use a tiered classification to explain a company’s evolution in the area of safety. The consulting firm DEKRA positioned us in 2019 on that preventive culture ladder between a Calculating company (we gather all the information to manage occupational risks) and a Proactive company (we continuously improve to prevent accidents before they occur). ‘According to the analysis completed in 2024, we can say that we’re now on the Proactive rung at most of our worksites, but we must keep making progress to solidify this position,’ underlines Jesús.

At Proactive companies, safety is a priority and nothing justifies shortcuts which could put workers in danger. There are some very strict requirements on this rung of safety.

‘The Safety culture assessment carried out in 2024 helped us see the progress that has been made, but also revealed opportunities for improvement and the need not to put down our guards,” concludes Jesús. This year we’ll keep on putting our hearts and souls into promoting the Safety Foundations, focusing on critical risks and how to avoid them, and we’ll relaunch our Field Verification Critical Control (FVCC) project with feedback from all those responsible for our worksites after three years of implementation at the company and more than 10,000 FVCC completed.

What we do to consolidate our position as a Proactive company

Jesús Manso explains that ‘following the first analysis of our Safety culture, we made relevant decisions and defined a series of projects which now need to be relaunched or modified to adapt them to the reality of our operations.’ These are the main areas where progress has been made.

We’ve put an emphasis on critical risks or those that may lead to an accident with the worst consequences. To do so, we’ve created the SIF Methodology, which identifies incidents which, irrespective of the real consequences, may have led to worse ones if only one factor had been different. If an incident is considered ‘SIF Potential’, an investigative report is drawn up determining the cause and defining actions to prevent a recurrence, and then it’s given visibility through safety alerts and forum discussions.
We created our Safety Foundations, a set of safety rules that are necessary in order to avoid incidents that may have the worst consequences (SIF). The Safety Foundations are grouped by topic.
It’s important to know them, spread awareness for them and practice them.
Our FVCC (Field Verification Critical Control) project is an essential tool for leadership at our worksites. Before launching it, we trained all those responsible for our worksites and strengthened their knowledge with coaching sessions. The tool supporting this leadership work was structured as a series of checklists on the work carried out at terminals and airports by Exolum employees and contractors.

Our tools and actions

We have a Vision for Safety which has been the topic of several awareness campaigns. It’s available for consultation at the Compliance portal and the company website.
We constantly invest in safety, analyse critical risks and prepare response plans for them.
The Velocity EHS application allows us to report any real or potential event that may affect people, the areas where we operate, or our facilities. This allows us to come up with specific actions to eliminate or mitigate risks.

We foster initiatives such as Safety Day, with talks for all employees and during which we organize practical activities at our terminals and airports, giving our prizes for original ideas that can lead to even greater safety at the company.
We have Safety Committees where senior management inquires about safety and makes relevant
decisions.
We have Management Systems that are modern and adapted to the latest trends.
With the TSR inspection programme, we compare our operations and terminals with
best international practices, and then propose specific actions to keep us
on the cutting edge.

‘Goals as ambitious as workplace and industrial safety must be approached with a global project that involves a change in mentality’

WEllness

Cultivating your social life benefits your health

In the era of hyper social connectivity, the paradox lies in the fact that many people are feeling more and more isolated. Faced with this problem, strengthening social bonds has been proven to be good for people’s health. However, it requires dedication and determination.

Maintaining an active social life helps lower mortality rates, reduces the risk of depression, and improves cognitive function. Prestigious entities, such as the Pasqual Maragall Foundation, which works to end Alzheimer’s, explain that social bonds make us happier and revitalize our brains.

Strong family ties and a close circle of friendship form a barrier to unwanted loneliness. With the passing of time, people start losing their loved ones and that circle often becomes smaller with many people becoming more and more isolated. But it’s not just a matter of age: there are also a lot of young people who are hyperconnected via social media yet feel lonelier every day because they don’t have or don’t know how to create and maintain quality personal relationships.

The Pascual Maragall Foundation blog explains that relationships with other people offer cognitive benefits. ‘Maintaining social relations is inherently linked to the use of memory, the ability to plan, as well as with empathy and a person’s capacity to put themselves in other people’s shoes. All of this is an excellent means of cognitive stimulation,’ they write.

Let’s get together

We often catch ourselves saying ‘Let’s get together’, but we never find the right time to see the people that matter to us even if just to have a coffee or a peaceful chat. Quality relationships need time and dedication. It’s not about quantity, but rather quality.

The Spanish Red Cross reminds everyone on its website that unwanted loneliness can have major consequences for the health of socially isolated people as it ‘increases the possibilities of getting ill, decreases a person’s satisfaction with life, and puts them at risk of suffering from physical and mental health problems.’

We look after our diets and our bodies with physical exercise, so why don’t we train to be in good social shape? Just like a plant dies if it’s not taken care of, our social bonds slide away or disappear if they’re not cultivated.

An active social life and happiness: lessons from an 85-year study

What are the factors that keep us healthy and happy? Psychiatrist Robert J. Waldinger is the fourth director of a project that has already been going on for 85 years. Throughout this time, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked the lives of 724 men and women who were adolescents in 1938 from very diverse social and economic backgrounds. Some of them have died; others are now in their nineties. The main conclusion is: ‘Good relationships make us happier and healthier’.

In a famous TED Talk, Waldinger explained that ‘social connections are good for us and kill loneliness’. Unique in the world, this study proves that personal connections create mental and emotional stimuli that improve people’s moods and lives.

How to strengthen ties

Just as you’ve got a daybook for work, set aside time for the people that matter to you. Simply taking a walk and talking can be therapeutic. And don’t forget to hug!
Culture unites us. If you like music, cinema or theatre, share these activities with the people around you with similar interests. Plan on a day to see a film or have a drink.
If you like these activities, but have no one to share them with, then look for a group. On the Internet there are a number of clubs from reading to hiking. Find yours and meet up with people just like you!
The solution may be closer than you think. Being an active part of your community, through neighbourhood associations, for example, can connect you with your neighbours.
Participate in volunteer actions. Depending on your interests, you may be very useful to society if you join like-minded people to help improve the lives of others or the environment.

Involved

de&i

WIM workshops: committed to equality

We’ve taken another step towards building a more equative, inclusive and diverse work environment with our first Women in Movement (WIM) workshops. These sessions, which were held in London and Madrid, are specifically designed to encourage professional development among women at Exolum.

‘I felt committed and listened to, and I learnt to identify my most outstanding skills.’ That’s how our colleague in Peru, Jacqueline Cerna, one of the 60 people from eight countries who participated in these first WIM workshops, summarized her experience.

The sessions, which include interactive methods, were a safe place to grow, connect with people with similar ideas and create a support network. The one in London focused on building a solid personal brand. In Madrid, emphasis was placed on participants discovering their purpose and values in order to develop their own leadership style.

Azahara García, from the Clean Energies team in Madrid, told us that the workshop provided ‘a place to reflect upon the characteristics that define more humane and values-based leadership all while fostering a collaborative atmosphere.’ Laura Burgos highlighted, ‘They give you guidelines and tools to reflect upon what each of us is like and how we can boost our leadership.’

At the workshop in London, Laura Blackburn said the atmosphere was quite good. ‘It was great to connect with women with similar ideas. I hope we can forge more solid relationships through subsequent meetings and mutually support and guide each other.’

All the participants said the workshops were pleasantly surprising. ‘I’m taking a lot of positive energy with me, I understand myself better and there’s a wonderful feeling of togetherness,’ concluded Belén María Baron, airport fuel supply operator at the Alicante airport.

Thanks to our executive sponsors, Jorge Guillén, Cristina Jaraba, Stephen Land and José Luis Conde, for supporting this initiative, and the WIM team for making it possible.

When women win, we all win!

Encouraging female talent

We’ve joined the Empowering Women’s Talent programme organized by Equipos & Talento to strengthen our commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion both at Exolum and society in general. Let’s move forward together!

As part of our Diversity Plan, we’ve joined Empowering Women’s Talent, a programme aimed at creating networks and uniting participating companies to spread awareness for female talent in the workplace, in addition to promoting real social changes in the areas of equality and diversity.

This programme includes actions in communication, training and networking to motivate and inspire teams. Breakfasts and workshops are also organized: the ‘Women Empowering Breakfast’ and various workshops have become trustworthy spaces to share experiences.

Other initiatives include ‘Cross Mentoring’, which allows companies to exchange knowledge and promote mutual development, and ‘Women’s Talent Day’, the most outstanding event in the programme, where best practices are presented in equality and diversity within participating companies.

The programme also provides exclusive access to interviews with leading women in management to find out about their experiences.

Growing more together!

Celebrating International Women’s Day

ust like every year, Exolum celebrated International Women’s Day, a day to spread awareness for real gender equality. This year, we organized a webinar in Spain entitled ‘Female motivation, creativity and leadership’ with the participation of Sergio de la Calle, Programme & Faculty Director at Universitas Telefónica. He has more than 25 years of professional experience and is well-known for his work on diversity and inclusion.

Moving forward together for real equality!

FEEL GREEN

We signed our first sustainable loan

Our commitment to decarbonization also implies a change in the way we’re financed, and we’ve already secured a first sustainable loan worth 500 million pounds (593 million euros). Reducing emissions facilitates access to credit.

This first sustainable loan is financed by 17 banks. The receipt of the funds is conditioned on the establishment of a framework with corporate social responsibility indicators within a period of nine months after signing.

This new Sustainable Financing Framework is aligned with the international principles governing these kinds of loans and is based on three key indicators which reflect our main challenges in
the area of ESG.

The first indicator measures the reduction of carbon emissions and other greenhouse gases.
The other two are associated with occupational health and industrial safety and are linked to the SIF (Serious Injuries and Fatalities) workplace accident rate, and the PSER (Process Safety Event Rate).

In order to make this transaction a reality, we’ve been advised by prestigious banking institutions, such as Crédit Agricole CIB, Linklaters, Banco Santander, CaixaBank and BBVA.

The economic advantages of sustainability

Accessing sustainable financing reinforces our strategy with respect to decarbonization and sustainability, both in our operations as well as in the services we offer our customers. All the indicators we must comply with are in line with our Strategic Plan, which expects emissions neutrality by 2040. In 2026, two thirds of our energy consumption in Spain will come from renewable sources.

We joined the association Crecemos

As part of our commitment to sustainable development and transport decarbonization, we’ve joined the multi-sector association Crecemos, which promotes the use of renewable fuels and the circular economy to foster sustainable mobility.

Crecemos works to reduce waste and encourage waste recovery, driving the transition towards circular economy models. For this association, renewable fuels are essential to efficiently reducing CO₂emissions at a low cost in addition to being compatible with today’s combustion engines, which make them a feasible and accessible option for decarbonization. Joining Crecemos will help boost the use of these renewable fuels.

After joining the Crecemos programme, the association has invited us to participate in its roundtables, which is an excellent opportunity to share our experience and collaborate with other key role-players on the transformation of the energy sector.

Participating in Crecemos reinforces our commitment to sustainability and the development of innovative solutions that contribute to the planet’s well-being. Through this association, we’ll keep on encouraging decarbonization in this sector and offering value to everyone involved in the energy transition.

Contributing to the development of hydrogen along with the Center for Houston’s Future

We’ve taken one step further in our commitment to the energy transition and new energies, becoming members of the Center for Houston’s Future, an organization that is driving the creation of a clean hydrogen ecosystem along the Gulf of Mexico coast through a hydrogen management committee comprised of more than 40 companies, now including Exolum.

This membership will enable us to collaborate with other role-players who are key in the United States and contribute to the growth and sustainability of the region by actively participating in the development of a market as dynamic as hydrogen.

FEEL betteR

A charity campaign for Christmas in NWE

Our NWE colleagues launched a charity campaign to support NGOs and local projects over Christmas. We want to improve the quality of life in the communities where we’re present and these are the initiatives we’re promoting.

Food drive in Eastham

The team in Eastham, the United Kingdom, donated food and supplies to the Wirral Foodbank, a food bank that has been helping people in hardship since 2011. Throughout the month of December, they donated 30 items each day as part of an Advent calendar campaign.

Toys for happiness in Tyne

The team in Tyne, the United Kingdom, collected toys and delivered them before the Christmas holidays to students in vulnerable situations at the Percy Main Primary School.

London supports the homeless

The team in London donated Christmas gifts, food, toiletry items and warm clothing to Whitechapel Mission, an organization that has been helping homeless people in the British capital since 1876. This NGO offers food, training, professional guidance and activity programmes.

Belfast and Immingham against breast cancer

The team in Belfast organized a day to raise funds for the organization Breast Cancer Now, which fights breast cancer. The ‘Wear it Pink’ event, which included food sales and draws for gifts donated by local sponsors, raised 2,184 pounds (2,619 euros). The team in Immingham also organized a similar event, selling pastries.

Amsterdam: triple the solidarity

The team in Amsterdam, Holland raised 2,600 pounds (3,116 euros) which was donated to three local NGOs: Voedselbank, which provides weekly food to those most in need; Make-a-Wish, which makes wishes come true for children with serious diseases, and Seamen’s Center Amsterdam, a port centre in the city.

Promoting job inclusion with UNEI

We are very proud to have started collaborating with UNEI, a company specialized in outsourcing services that promotes the labor inclusion of people with mental health problems and other disabilities.

Along with UNEI, we’ve set up a pilot project at our facilities in Seville, Huelva, Arahal and Córdoba which has allowed us to hire two people with a disability to support our minor maintenance and repair work, help with carpentry work, post signs and paint interiors, among other tasks. This action will help improve our facilities and ease the workload for other civil engineering services.

As part of this commitment to job inclusion, we attended the signing of the 2nd Study on Social Hiring promoted by the Regional Government of Andalusia and UNEI, an agreement that fosters job inclusion for the disabled.

Attending on behalf of Exolum was Zaloa Alonso, Territorial Manager for the South, who underlined ‘the importance of these initiatives for fostering equality at the workplace and building more diverse and inclusive companies’. We stand firmly behind a socially responsible hiring model!

Renewed collaboration with the Real Madrid Foundation

The social integration trough sports football school in San Fernando de Henares is moving ahead and doing even better work thanks to the renewed agreement between Exolum, the Real Madrid Foundation, and the town hall in this Madrilenian city.

The ambassador from Real Madrid, Álvaro Arbeloa; the mayor of San Fernando de Henares, Javier Corpa, and our Aviation & Spain Network Lead, Jorge Guillén, signed the renewal in the Ciudad Real Madrid auditorium.

Children aged 5 to 17 can enjoy half grants or full grants thanks to the support received from Exolum. At least 50% of the spots are reserved for
minors at risk of exclusion or the socially disadvantaged. Plus, since last season, the programme is also serving disabled children who train each week alongside the other children in an inclusive environment.

United to support victims of the cold drop

Solidarity and mutual support are fundamental values for our company, especially in difficult times. The cold drop that occurred on 29 October 2024, during which more than 200 people died, seriously affected several provinces of Spain, particularly Valencia. The scope of this tragedy drove us to act.

Our company donated 100,000 euros to the Red Cross to help the areas affected. Plus, we invited our workforce to join this cause by promising to equal their donations.

Thanks to the generosity of the people at Exolum, we were able to raise 6,226 euros. Added to the company’s contribution, this meant 12,452 euros went to the Red Cross.

Thank you everyone for your incredible support and solidarity!

Seventeen years of community solidarity in Immingham

The food shops at our Immingham East & West facilities, in the United Kingdom, have been a pillar of community support for more than 17 years. Under the management of Christine Stark and Lorraine Ireland, the shop has collaborated with a number of charity organizations locally and nationally, including Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, MacMillan Cancer Support, Sport Relief, Comic Relief and Children in Need.

In 2024, the shop focused its efforts on supporting MNDA (Motor Neurone Disease Association) in honour of the wife of a colleague who was diagnosed with this disease. Thanks to the sale of snacks and with help from family, friends and the general public, they raised 6,082 pounds (7,284 euros) to finance care for people affected by MND, and promote research into a cure. Thank you everyone!

Ecuador, an example of charity volunteerism

Our team in this country, led by Bernardo Santos, has again demonstrated its commitment to the most vulnerable among us. Thank you to everyone!

Supporting the elderly in Samborondón

The team in Ecuador, in collaboration with the country’s Ministry of Public Health, visited the club for the elderly in the city of Samborondón, which serves people with non-transmissible chronic diseases such as type A and B diabetes, high blood pressure, etc. During the visit, we participated in various entertainment and recreational activities, and conducted workshops aimed at working on emotions. They covered the different types of emotions, as well as identifying and validating them, providing tools for coping with and understanding them. We also shared a lunch with the elderly in addition to contests, raffles and gifts.

Children committed to the environment

At Exolum, we had a very exciting and special art and ecological integration day at the Maria Manuela de Espejo Educational Unit. This activity, which is aimed at handicapped children, reflects our commitment to job inclusion for the disabled.

Throughout the day, we engaged in craft activities using recycled material donated by Exolum. We also participated in caring for the environment. In 2023, we helped create an eco-garden at the centre’s facilities, and collected the very first cherry tomato harvest at the end of 2024. The students offered us a lesson on inclusion, effort and a love for the land.

Discover

DID YOU KNOW… the oldest star in the universe is about 14,500 million years old?

Although its name is HD 140283, the scientific community often refers to it as the Methuselah star in reference to the biblical figure who was famous for having lived the longest life. For the time being, this star is a mystery as it’s older than the Big Bang, the phenomenon that explains the origin of the universe as we know it and which took place 13,700 million years ago.

How well do you know your brain?

Calculating, conversing, creating, imagining, feeling… The brain is a ‘multitasking’ organ that’s capable of managing, analysing and making decisions in a question of seconds. It’s so complex, not even ChatGPT (at least for now) can do better. But, what are the myths and the realities when it comes to what we think it can do?

MYTH 1: WE ONLY USE 10% OF OUR BRAIN CAPACITY

Myth: Although it’s an attractive idea, the truth is there is no scientific basis proving this. Nowadays, neuroscientists say we use practically all parts of our brains.

MYTH 2: LISTENING TO CLASSICAL MUSIC INCREASES BABIES’ INTELLIGENCE

Reality: Early exposure to music (not only classical) can have benefits for childhood development as it stimulates attention and fosters emotional and bodily expression, among other positive effects. What has not yet been proven, as there is no evidence, is that it provides long-term cognitive benefits.

MYTH 3: THE BRAIN NEVER SLEEPS

Reality: According to neuroscience, the brain is constantly working. In fact, it consumes more energy at night. Although it may seem to be inactive during early sleep, it’s actually not, as it maintains functions allowing it to be prepared to move into action.

MYTH 4: THE BIGGER, THE MORE INTELLIGENT

Myth: There is no direct correlation between brain size and intelligence. Intelligence is more related to the complexity of the neuronal connections and efficiency in the transfer of information.

IF YOU NEED MORE CONNEXION…

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